Utilize a genomic case study (other options) Essay

go for a genomic case study (other options) - Essay Exampleewborn and antepartum genomic cover, started in US hospitals with voluntary tests for phenylketonuria before it was made mandatory, especially as a response to lobbying by advocates for child rights. Newborn and prenatal book binding began to be expanded to include whole genome testing to identify other congenital and contractable disorders. While most developed countries have made significant contributions to newborn and prenatal screening development, substantial testing is still a hospital-based health activity (Tarini & Goldenberg, 2012). Currently, major hospitals have newborn and prenatal screening systems to offer initial screening, as well as follow up services for the children and their families. Because hospitals are the ending buzz offrs about the content and structure of the screening program, systems have multi-dimensional variance. For instance, a hospital may offer genomic screening for sickle cell disea se, PKU, galactosemia, MCADD, and hypothyroidism, although they vary in how they select additional conditions. Hospitals also differ in how they make decisions about treatment protocol content, avail services for follow-up, and the extent of costs to the screened newborns family (Tarini & Goldenberg, 2012). more or less hospitals, today, make the screening mandatory but fail to obtain informed consent from the parents.Today, the heel-stick blood prototype is utilized in programs for newborn and prenatal screening for all conditions except auditory impairment. However, in the past, a new lab blood test was always added when a new condition was added to the program. Tandem aggregative spectrometry was discovered in the 1990s and could test for MCADD, PKU, and various other disorders at the same eon (Tarini & Goldenberg, 2012). It measures the levels in the blood of various products of metabolism, of which any abnormalities in metabolite levels are suggestive of disorders in metabo lic activity. Children rights activists overcompensate to press governments to take up and fund this technology and

Role of IMF in poverty alleviation Research Paper

Role of IMF in poverty ease - Research Paper ExamplePRGF supported programs were derived from a members PRSP that ensured that the reforms it supported were owned by the county and oriented to realizing economic growth and poverty reduction goals (Vreeland 3). Although it may be too early to follow the new frameworks success in achieving the objectives, it is time to evaluate progress to this day and endanger shortcomings that may need course corrections in the initiatives design and implementation.The IMF was initiated at the Bretton woods Conference in 1944 and created by 29 countries in 1945. The international organizations main objective was to help in the construction of international payment system after the Second World War. fraction countries help to contribute funds through a quota system where countries that face payment imbalances can hook on money and other resources. Through the fund, and surveillance of member countries economies and self-correcting policies dema nd, the organization works to recover the economies of member countries. IMF central office is in Washington, D.C. (Jensen 3). The IMF works to promote worlds monetary cooperation and ensures that there is a financial stability, economic aid international trade, assists in employment issues and economic growth to alleviate poverty in the world. The IMF objectives are in the Articles of Agreement they are promoting international economic co-operation, employment, international trade, and the stability of the exchange rate by fashioning finances available to members in order to meet the needs of the balance of payments (Woods 2).The IMF fosters economic stability and globose growth. The organization offers advice to policy matters and financial support to member countries that are in economic difficulties. IMF works together with developing countries to help them achieve economic stability and poverty reduction. The justification for this support is that international chief city markets work imperfectly, and

20th history of art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

20th history of art - Essay ExampleThe passage has explanations on how an operative ought to put together and use those several essentials in his artistic work. This is the chief concern of the excerpt as well as the formal analysis requirement. The passage indicates that an artist should figure out and describe and interpret those decisions and why the artist may have made themIt requires one to go out in places like the museums and other cerebrate artistic places to find an artistic aim to be analyzed and interpreted. Comprehensive description and notes on the object are to be taken by visualizing the object and then putting it into text. This is a fundamental fortune of an artistic work.I will discuss Diego Rivera Murals for The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in this assignment. In the six weeks, Rivera and his lag proved helpful feverishly on this convenient artwork in a vacant hookup of the museum that had been transformed into a short-term studio room. By starting day he ha d created five sections that presented revolutionary Yorkers to some of the brand new visuals from his Spanish painting periods. One presented a swashbuckling image of the untaught innovator Emiliano Zapata another outlined the grimacing jaguar cover up of an Aztec soldier crouching over his deceased contender (Diego 4).The display, only the second single display by a residing specialist at MoMA (the first was Henri Matisse), was an fast hit. And Rivera kept working, previous the deadline he converted out three more moments of regional attention, glimpses of a preclude but diligent New York are in accordance with the rapid development he see during his residing in Midtown. These were included to the display, illustrating more crowds of people.On his first journey to France, in 1920, Rivera analyzed the task of French Rebirth experts, spending particular attention to the techniques and components of fresco artwork. He later upgraded the method by

Creating a new business venture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Creating a new business accident - Essay ExampleThis mission is ideal since it seeks to consolidate the telephoners commitment to provide eccentric outrage service to different targeted customers in the healthc atomic number 18 sector. Vision To be the trade leader in the dishonour sector where the fraternity seeks to cater for the interests of different customers in need of healthcare related transport services. Brief description of your organization Accarpio Transports business model is based on the effect of establishing a company that leave specifically offer loony quasi(prenominal)lyns services for those in need. The company will target different categories of people in its operations as shown below. Transportation of those in wheelchairs, those who engross walkers, and those who stack walk. Priced reasonable so anyone that needs our services can project them. The strategy of offering reasonable prices is specifically designed to attract as many customers as possi ble since there are also otherwise actors in this particular sector of business. This strategy will help the company to gain a belligerent advantage in its operations which is the essence of any business venture (Strydom, 84). Brief historical follow Accarpio Transport The business model of the company is unique in that it seeks to offer transportation services that are not provided by most ambulance companies. Most ambulance services are primarily concerned with offering services to patients who want to be taken to the hospital from their respective homes. Some of the service providers only provide transportation to doctors who have appointments. However, Accarpio Transport will provide transport to people who want to perform different errands much(prenominal) as going to the grocery stores or shopping malls, see friends or any other errands such as going to the park for refreshment. Current Marketing Situation Market overview The company intends to prioritize various(a) tre nds that will give it a competitive advantage over other actors in the transport industry. For instance, the company seeks to offer consistent transport services to all clients. It intends to fulfill all their interests and needs so as to create loyalty among them. The company also seeks to harness the philosophy that no transportation job is too small in its operations since it is designed to cater for different types of customers. Market segmentation In theory, market segmentation is described as the process of dividing a heterogeneous market into smaller segments of people who have similar interests (Kotler, 87). In this particular case, geo-demographic segmentation will be used by the company. Geo-demographic segmentation is generally defined as the process of identifying groups of people in a certain area who have similar demographic characteristics such as age, gender as well as lifestyle (Kotler,88). For instance, people liveness in the same geographical location may share similar interests such as the use of the same transport services as well as their interests towards different market offerings. In this case, Accarpio transport will target individuals interested in carrying out their personal errands such as visiting the hospitals. The company will also target patients intending to use transport to different places such as shops for their personal business. scar market The company will mainly target hospitals and it will offer transport to people visiting patients or carrying out any other business. The company wil

Lab report introduction Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Introduction - Lab Report ExampleHindIII is commonly isolated from the Haemophilus bacteria d Bacteria. It has a polymorphic restriction site on the intron 19 of factor VIII broker. It recognizes rthe triple stranded sequence of the DNA at AAGCTT and then cleaves after A-1 (Dubey, Hussain & Mittal n.d.).DNA is negatively charged. The working principle in gel electrophoresis involves the movement of the DNA exemplar in the agarose gel. The difference in the introduction pairs carry on a difference in the molecular(a) weight of the DNA and so when the current is introduced at the cathodic end of the electrophoretic chamber the DNA will move to the anode with the difference in weight cause the bands to be formed at different locations Francois 2010). Our reference sample (DNA) has a restriction site for the enzyme and so presence of matching bands with our sample DNA will show the presence of the wild type gene. In the case of no match, then we will rule out the presence of the wil d type gene to the presence of the sportsman gene.The three samples will be run concurrently. The samples will be placed on the wells and when the power is switched on the movement will be monitored and images taken to do the comparison. With one sample being undigested and the other one digested we want to differentiate between the wild type and the mutant genes. With the wild type after digestion by the restriction enzyme HindIII the DNA is broken down and forms strands with 3236 base pairs and 1125 base pairs (Isaac & Stacey 1994).This implies that due to the digestion process the bulk DNA has been broken down into lighter fragments and so with reduced molecular weight it will move faster across the electrophoretic gel. The restriction process takes place at an optimum temperature of 370C.Dubey, A. O., Hussain, N., & Mittal, N., n.d., HindIII-based restriction fragment length polymorphism in hemophilic and non-hemophilic patients, Journal of Natural Science, biological science a nd Medicine, 1 (1), pp. 25-28, doi

ENFLESHING freedom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ENFLESHING freedom - Essay Examplelized use, making an indication of the cross may be, as stated by the setting, a demonstration of calling of confidence, a petition to God, a commitment, or an invocation.There are four fundamental sorts of iconographic representations of the cross the crux quadrata, or Greek cross, with four equivalent weight blazon the crux immissa, or Latin cross, whose base stem is longer than the other three arms the crux commissa, as the Greek letter tau, now and then called St. Anthonys cross and crux decussata, named from the Roman decussis, or image of the numeral 10, otherwise called St. Andrews cross. Custom supports the crux immissa as that on which Christ kicked the bucket, however some accept that it was a crux commissa. The numerous varieties and ornamentations of processional, sacrificial table, and heraldic crosses, of cut and painted crosses in sanctum sanctorum places, cemeteries, and somewhere else, are improvements of these four sorts.Cross s tructures were utilized as images, religious or overall, much in the first place than the Christian Era, however it is not generally clear whether they were essentially characteristics of recognizable proof or self-control or were critical for strong belief and love. Two prechristian cross structures have had some vogue in Christian usage. When the time of the ruler Constantine in the fourth century, Christians were amazingly hesitant about depicting the cross on the grounds that excessively open a showcase of it may lay open them to scorn or riskCross structures were utilized as images, religious or overall, much sooner than the Christian Era, barely it is not generally clear whether they were essentially characteristics of distinguishing proof or ownership or were huge for conviction and love. Two prechristian cross structures have had some vogue in Christian utilization. The old Egyptian hieroglyphical image of lifethe ankh, a tau cross surmounted by a circle and known as cr ux ansatawas received and broadly utilized on Coptic Christian

Cheif Security Officer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cheif Security Officer - Essay ExampleA chief security officer should keep up vast expertise in areas beyond mere security thereby requiring ball-shaped have intercourse.A chief financial officer requires global experience for notable reasons. To begin with, such a position requires knowledge of the complex global chain. In this sense, a CFO should be aware of how trade in other countries affects trade in particular country. The officer, therefore, easily participates in business continuity planning. In addition, global experience enables the CFO ascertain the intricate global internet network that poses threat to an organizations IT system (Fay, 2011). Internet, as a tool, connects the world in a single sphere. It is essential for a CFO to possess knowledge on how the internet can be integrated in the general security of the company. Besides, a global experience is crucial for understanding the evolution of organizations. This is because structures of organizations are continual ly changing and this leads towards the shrinking and expansion of given departments. Furthermore, a CFO requires an adequate understanding of global politics and make out how such politics watch organizational

Advantages and disadvantages of the health insurance system in US Essay

Advantages and disadvantages of the wellness insurance system in US - Essay Exampleanaged c ar insurance systems, through PPOs and HMOs in America, hopes to influence the rules of supply and demand in consumer care, and Medicare provide programs that increase accessibility for the poor and elderly. But many a(prenominal) think that healthcare organizations need to reach out to the community in terms of educational programs that undertake to foster the health of the community as a whole, rather than treat ailments in a alter manner and fork up it end at that. Accessibility, as well as education, is an important goal for the feigning healthcare program in terms of conceptual framework.attractive alternative to many people who are facing financial challenges. The rapid growth of individuals from Medicare who have gone to managed care during the nineties is a untroubled portrayal of how popular managed care is in terms of what it offers, which is in many cases substantially more th an Medicare. some managed care insurance providers offer prescription drug coverage and other types of coverage that are not covered by Medicare. But many wonder whether managed care operations can keep damage effective with so many clients and so much liability and responsibility to individuals onthese will have to be solved for the future to look very bright. In the US insurance system, HMOs are a relatively new development, although some of them have roots in the mid-twentieth century. There are still application-based and good imperatives to ask the status of these programs, especially in terms of their relevance to government healthcare programs as accessory services and their position in a dynamic healthcare economy that is becoming increasingly privatized. This reflects the substantial debate between government control and interference in national healthcare. That is,

Environmental Forces Affecting B&Q In The UK Essay

Environmental Forces Affecting B&Q In The UK - Essay ExampleCurrent paper focuses on the performance of a major rival of UKs home improvement retail industry B&Q. The particular organization has achieved to acquire a large share of the particular market, as analyzed below. Still, concerns exist in regard to the unshakables ability to keep its profitability high in the long term. The firms large purlieu has been reviewed and evaluated using an appropriate strategic management tool, the PESTEL synopsis. At the same time, an internal micro analysis has taken place for checking the potentials of the organization to manage risks related to its daily operations and to stabilize its profitability. It has been made clear that the world power of B&Q to achieve a long term growth can non be guaranteed, especially since the UK economy is not stabilized. A strategy is proposed for helping the organization to face the away forces related to the particular market and to respond to the needs of its changing environment.In order to actualize the environmental forces that mint B&Q it would be necessary to understand the characteristics of these forces, as they are related to the operations of the particular organization. In general, the term macro-environment is used for describing a firms external forces and agencies (Reynolds and Lancaste 2012, p.32). The most popular strategic tool for evaluating a firms macro environment is PESTEL analysis (Cunningham and Harney 2012). ... The most popular strategic tool for evaluating a firms macro environment is PESTEL analysis (Cunningham and Harney 2012). When using PESTEL analysis for explaining a firms macro environment it should be necessary to take into consideration the following fact not all parts of this framework allow for equally influence the relationship between the firm and its external environment (Cunningham and Harney 2012). Reference can be made to the following example for pharmaceutical firms patents will have a key importance for measure these firms potentials to face their external forces (Cunningham and Harney 2012). In the case of firms operating in the services industry emphasis should be given on demographics, as a factor that will influence the relationship between these firms and their external environment (Cunningham and Harney 2012). The PESTEL analysis refers to the macro environment of organizations. It should be noted that the particular framework helps to identify the factors that affect the whole economy and not only a particular organization (Bowhill 2008, p.331). In the context of the PESTEL analysis the macro environment of B&Q could be analyzed as follows a) Political the semi semipolitical environment of UK is quite stable. The current government has tried to enhance the stability of the economy by keeping inflation low, at least compared to other countries (Wood 2011). It should be noted that no threats seem to exist for potential turbulences in the UK political se ctor (Wood 2011). As a result, B&Q would not be threatened by the specific element, i.e. the political framework, of its macro environment. Still, the challenges that the

Addressing Nursing Shortage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Addressing Nursing Shortage - Research Paper ExampleThis essay discusses that prior to 1980s wellness sustentation was solely a physicians concern and certain problems like cardiac malfunctions were not considered problems until later symptoms were developed. This caused a lot of financial stress on the patients when they were tempered at late stages of the disease. As a result of research it was suggested that fear provided before the advent of symptoms can cost far less than the care provided after symptom development. Since then the trend of Preventive Care that is avoidance of disease or slash before it occurs, evolved. Managed care is the current concept for running a successful healthcare system which is a pre-planned treatment of the patient. In this system patient is considered as a client whose health is continually monitored and evaluated and treated accordingly. Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) are examples of managed care system. This concept has entirely chang ed the healthcare scenario. The role of physicians and nurses has been redefined. According to cosmea Health Organization, a commendable health care system is one which provides quality services to community in need. The components of a good health system vary from country to country, however the basic mechanisms like, decorous financing, well-trained physicians and medical staff, reliable information on which policies are made, fully-equipped facilities and delivery of quality medicine and modern applied science to the patients should remain the same everywhere. The health care system of unify States is one of the best systems in the creative activity in terms of funding and modern technology usage but it is also characterized by a lack of central planning, direction and control. The system is a blend of public sector and private health providers. This system is highly decentralized and complex and on top of that costly services make it quite an unaffordable for a certain po pulation. Two major health insurance computer programmes Medicaid and Medicare are funded by the federal government. Medicaid is funded conjointly by federal government and the states and it serves the low income and poor people. While Medicare is a federal government funded two-part program that cover hospital costs and few nursing home services and physician services independently (Nagelkerk, 2006). Despite these efforts the rising health care costs have proved to be a fundamental hurdle in the betterment of the system. Many problems are faced by the U.S healthcare system, a major problem being the uninsured public. According to U.S Census Bureau the number of uninsured rose to 49.9 jillion in 2010 from 49.0 million in 2009. Another problem which we will study is the nursing shortage. The term refers to a situation where the professional nurses demand exceeds the supply. The phenomenon is observed both nationally and globally and in the developed and growth countries. The sho rtage can be measured in terms of nurse-patient population ratio. Nursing A legal brief overview Caring for the sick and injured has been a centuries old tradition. It has evolved throughout the years from a domestic behave to professional arena. Care is practiced in different ways in the world but United States has set an example for the rest of the world. Before we discuss modern care we take a tang at the nursing history in the States. Nursing is an integral part of any health care system and it plays a significant part in attaining patient care outcomes. The nurses care for the patients, work in collaboration with the medical team and assess and treat the problems. The nursing work force mainly includes music director of nursing (DON), registered nurses (RNs), Licensed practical nurses (LPNs), certified nurse assistant (CNA) and other staff such as aides, orderlies and personal care attendants (Buerhaus, Auerbach, & Steiger, 2009). Following chart shows the percentage breakdo wn of nursing facility employees in various(a) categories (American Health Care

The reserch paper on The Euro Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

The reserch paper on The Euro Crisis - Essay subjectThis crude national notes Euro is utilised by over 300 million people in the worlds most developed economic region, which is considered as a record in the worldwide fiscal scheme. The common currency Euro was established by the atomic number 63an nations with the objectives of acquiring better integration among division nations as well as to enhance the currency value in the global economy (Feenstra & Taylor, 2012). In the year 1999, Economic and Monetary Union (electromagnetic unit) was as well established with the motive of utilising the single national currency i.e. Euro for all the trade activities performed by the European nations. In the starting of 2002, in that location were 12 countries in Europe Union (EU) which include Germany, Austria, Belgium, Ireland, Finland, Italy, France, Greece, Netherlands, Spain, Luxembourg and Portugal that utilised Euro as their national currency. Later on many countries also joined EU and adopted Euro as a national currency. However, three EU member countries that is to say Sweden, United Kingdom and Denmark do not used Euro as their national currency. By the year 2010, there were 27 countries as members of EU. In Euro zone, the main objective of EMU was to establish a common fiscal currency for EU members and to coordinate the monetary affairs of the member nations through European Central assert (ECB). The euro zone has faced financial crisis due to sluggish economic growth as well as high rate of underemployment. Moreover, economic recession of 2008 has also raised many economic problems in the European nations (Arestis & Sawyer, 2012). Considering this aspect, the review will emphasize on the factors accountable for crisis in the European nations. The objective of the review is to severalise the reasons for Euro crisis. Moreover, review will also focus on remedies necessary for minimising the effects of Euro crisis in the European nations and opposite countries. The review includes other aspects related to the Euro crisis a longsighted with economic problems faced by the European nations. Background The Euro system of the European countries consists of ECB and 11 central banks of different nations. The Euro system has four major jobs with respect to economic growth and sustainability. The first job is to execute the monetary strategies implemented by Central Council of ECB. The second job is to press foreign alter functions and the third job is to maintain money reserves of euro area nations. The Euro system is obligated for coordinating as well as managing monetary policy of EU. Euro was considered as a single common currency by EU members with the objective of acquiring a stabilised price for a long period of time. Moreover, with common currency it was expected that it would help to expand the market and also would assist in better integration of capital, goods and service. Furthermore, it was anticipated that with the intro duction of common currency, Euro would be an important currency relating to foreign exchange markets (European Central Bank, 2009). Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) EMU was set up with the motive of stabilising the monetary operations as well as for prosperous economic development of the European nations. The vision of EMU is to develop an integrated framework for the financial sectors which enables the banking

People with bad manners surround us Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

People with worse manners surround us - Essay ExampleAccording to the research findings vainglorious manners disrupts opposite people, infringe their comfort, and as nightingale explains, is a serious concerns when it interferes with expected utilities that people have paid for. Staring at people that you do not know, with a possible implication that they also do not recognize you, for instance, has a disposal of creating suspicion from the target. This may lead to discomfort, as a person may feel insecure or embarrassed for thoughts of improper conduct. Consequently, the observer interferes with the targets comfort. Gossiping loudly in the library is another example of bad manners that distracts people from the environments main activity. Being a place for either acceptance resources or studying the resources, the library should be quiet, conducive for study or communication with attendants. Loud gossips in the place therefore adversely affect other people, especially the study ing group. Another form of bad manners in a public environment is swearing loudly. This has an impact of raising alarm among other people, leading to fear and animosity. Its negative effects on people may also lead to health complications from involuntary biological reactions. Staring at people that you do not know, gossiping loudly in the library, and swearing in the public therefore significantly pose adverse conditions to other people and be consequently bad manners.

Leadership Skills Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

leaders Skills - Assignment ExampleA schoolroom would become a fish market if a teacher does not lead it. A stem would run out of finances if the parent/parents dont control the expenditures of the children. A company would recur track of the project scope, time and quality if the employees are not led by the manager. People diversify in their scope of loss leaders, yet they have to execute certain leadership skills irrespective of the scope of leadership or the circumstances in which they have to execute the leadership. Three Leadership Skills Three of the most vestigial leadership skills are projectning, controlling and resolving the conflicts. They are discussed below Planning Planning is the first and the best necessity of leadership. A leader has a plan according to which he/she directs the pursuit. This plan is made with a view to achieving the goal that is of interest not only to the leader, but also to the whole team. People would not follow a leader until they see s omething coming out of it that they value. Planning is defined as choosing the dividing line of action. From among a variety of plans, a leader is entitled to select such a plan that maximizes the benefits and public convenience both for himself/herself and for the whole team and minimizes the cost of operation and the problems and risks. Since the entire project is based on the plan selected by the leader, an individual must be extremely skilled in choosing the upright plan in order to be an effective leader. Controlling Controlling is the second most essential skill every(prenominal) leader should have. Controlling essentially means making the chase conform to the instructions of the leader. A leader has hundreds of ways to control the pursual, but the most effective of them requires the leader to be least authoritative and dictator in his approach and nature. A leader can best control the followers by earning their confidence. Leadership exists only as long as the trust o f the followers sustains. The moment that trust is shattered, the leader is gone. In order to gain that trust, a leader should make the followers aware of his/her plans and the reason he/she wants the followers to act in a certain way. Once the project has been started, the leader should make sure that the followers are provided with all materials, resources and funds they need to execute the project. Thus, a leader needs to control the expenses and resources. on that point has to be a balance in the cash flow and the use of resources. The leader must bang what resources to release in what amount and at what time. Being at the right place at the right time is the key to effective controlling. Conflict Resolution Whenever there is a team, conflicts are bound to betide. Conflicts may be functional or dysfunctional. Functional conflicts are those in which the team members argue with one other in an attempt to identify the most suitable course of action. Dysfunctional conflicts are those in which the followers fight with one another over matters that are of no significance to work. A leader must ensure that the functional conflicts do not change into the dysfunctional ones and the dysfunctional conflicts do not occur at all. A leader can achieve this if he/she has adequate conflict resolution skills. thither are certain exercises that can help a leader resolve conflicts among the followers. The leader should design subroutine groups for the work and allow the followers time to spend with one another

How far does family law allow individuals to engage in private Essay

How far does family law of nature allow individuals to engage in private ordering, and how far should it Discuss with relation to at leas - Essay instanceHowever, this list is not exhaustive and may vary from one jurisdiction to another since family law covers a wide range of social and economic cases in existing and broken households2. The main contentious unwrap in most domestic cases heard in domestic courts is often of financial nature since, as families and marriages break, there is always the need to settle financial arrangements made while the family was still intact3. In fact, until deep in many countries, there was little, if any enforcement of the private arrangements and rules that surrounded and sought to change the personal or family status of people4. Nonetheless, there existed some kind of private ordering in which people could decide whether to conjoin or not and whom to marry. What is more, at once an individual got wed, he or she had to adhere to the enforcea ble rules of marriage and pass on routes such(prenominal) as annulment, separation or divorce. Importantly, there were rules to guide couples in meeting their financial obligations on annulment or divorce5. It is also worth noting that even in historical times, the state had the power and regulation to set and enforce family laws6. Thus, by these laws, the state had the power to limit an individuals free will and powers to distribute their proportion upon divorce or a partners death. For instance, in most countries, family law states a spouses statutory sh ar of family property upon marriage divorce or annulment7. Similar to the case of marriage, once an individual had a child, the state would have a say in the childs rights as far as the financial obligations of the parents were concerned. That is, the state set the terms and determined the limited circumstances infra which ones parental rights to a child could be surrendered. However, recent times have describe quite drastic changes with different countries permitting various types of private ordering in different family law situations and cases8. Examples of the areas in which private ordering is allowed in many a country in modern times allow in marital agreements, separation agreements, open adoption agreements, co-parenting agreements, premarital agreements, agreements9. In other words, currently, a lot of agreements are entered to help arbitrate in disputes if the above events occur. In modern society, people cohabiting or legally married often wish and decide to venture into financial agreements before or during their domestic lives. In general, such agreements are referred to as cohabitation agreements or domestic relationship agreements10. Similarly, upon terminating their domestic relationships for whatever reasons, people may relapse to negotiate financial agreements, often called separation or termination agreements11. Private ordering thus refers to the attempts and activities by which pa rties to a domestic relationship who had entered a financial agreement order their financial affairs without seeking court interventions or solutions. This paper explores the changes and the limits to private ordering in family law, in the process discussing the nature and design of the changes and their positive developments in a financial perspective. In this regard, the paper explores the role of private ordering in family law in an economic perspective. Historical Background The

Rewriting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Rewriting - Essay ExampleNevertheless, she was able to go through education system and began to be exposed to people speaking otherwise(a) languages later in life. Although she was able to acquire language skills, she did it at a slow pace. The most interesting observation was that her level of understanding new language was not as profound as found in children who acquire language skills at early age. notwithstanding following similar procedures of language acquisition, she could not meet the standards acquired by young children who learn language naturally.However, other cognitive abilities were not check. Despite her problem in language acquisition, she was able to develop interactive skills and could because understand different communication styles from other people. Whereas her language acquisition skills lagged behind, other cognitive abilities were not inhibited in any way. This example is a clear indicator that language acquisition is independent of other cognitive abil ities. It is worth noting the contrast of this idea with Moskowitzs ideology, which claims that the two are connected. He feels that linguistic strong suit is part of human intelligence, which implies that none can be developed

Social Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Insurance - Essay ExampleThe drawback is that government mount also means government control which may not be as efficient as private control. In fact, government spending and legislative work on social insurance in America has been criticized by many who think that social insurance programs such as social security, unemployment insurance, workers payment and Medicare may not be enough for the needs of future Americans. On the other hand, the current smear of these programs allows the government to distribute goods and services to a lot of people who would otherwise have to go without them.Amendments and changes to the right smart social insurance programs operate in America have been widely suggested and the government has been pushed to focus on these programs. While the government tries to assure the people that the money they have put into social insurance programs pull up stakes help them in the future, many individuals believe that the expenses of the government an d the current expenditure on the social insurance programs themselves will mean that the trusts guiding the programs will go bankrupt

Audit Consultant Essay Example for Free

Audit consultant EssayThe Science of Scientific Writing If the subscribe toer is to grasp what the divisorrator means, the writer essential go by dint of what the lecturer need George D. Gopen and Judith A. Swan* *George D. Gopen is associate professor of English and Director of Writing Programs at Duke University. He h sr.s a Ph. D. in English from Harvard University and a J. D. from Harvard Law School. Judith A. Swan teaches scientific writing at Princeton University. Her Ph. D. , which is in biochemistry, was earned at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Address for Gopen 307 Allen Building, Duke University, Durham, NC 27706 Science is of cardinal hard to read.Most the great unwashed assume that its difficulties be born issue of necessity, out of the extreme complexity of scientific conceptions, data and analysis. We indicate here that complexity of thought need non lead to impenetrability of expression we demonstrate a number of rhetorical principles tha t female genital organ produce clarity in communication without oversimplifying scientific issues. The results argon substantive, non merely cosmetic Improving the eccentric of writing actu everyy improves the quality of thought. The fundamental purpose of scientific discourse is not the mere presentation of nurture and thought, expert rather its actual communication.It does not social occasion how pleased an spring might be to engage converted all the right data into disapprobations and paragraphs it amours plainly whether a jumbo major(ip)ity of the reading audience accurately groks what the author had in mind. Therefore, in come in to under deport how vanquish to improve writing, we would do well to understand better how endorsers go active reading. such an understanding has latterly become available through work done in the fields of rhetoric, philology and cognitive psychology. It has helped to produce a methodology based on the concept of ratifier prognos iss.Writing with the reader in Mind Expectation and Context Readers do not simply read they encounter. Any entrap of prose, no matter how short, may mean in 10 (or more(prenominal) than than) contrary miens to 10 different readers. This methodology of reader expectations is founded on the recognition that readers make many of their most master(prenominal) interpretive decisions nearly the substance of prose based on clues they receive from its mental synthesis. This interplay among substance and structure quite a little be demo by mostthing as basic as a simple table.Let us say that in tracking the temperature of a liquid over a period of time, an investigator takes measurements every three run shorting and records a list of temperatures. Those data could be presented by a number of written structures. Here ar two possibilities t(time)=15, T(temperature)=32? , t=0, T=25? t=6, T=29? t=3, T=27? t=12, T=32? t=9 T=31? time (min) 0 3 6 9 12 15 temperature(? C) 25 27 29 31 32 32 Precisely the same schooling come ons in both(prenominal) formats, yet most readers find the bet on easier to interpret. It may be that the very familiarity of the tabular structure makes it easier to use.But, more extensively, the structure of the second table provides the reader with an soft perceived condition (time) in which the significant persona of discipline (temperature) can be interpreted. The contextual natural looks on the left in a pattern that produces an expectation of regularity the interesting results appear on the right in a little obvious pattern, the discovery of which is the bit of the table. If the two sides of this simple table are reversed, it becomes much harder to read. temperature(? C) 25 27 29 31 32 32 time(min) 0 3 6 9 12 15.Since we read from left to right, we prefer the context on the left, where it can more effectively familiarize the reader. We prefer the new, important information on the right, since its job is to intrigue the reader. Information is interpreted more easily and more uniformly if it is placed where most readers expect to find it. These needs and expectations of readers affect the interpretation not nevertheless of tables and illustrations but also of prose itself. Readers deal relatively fixed expectations close where in the structure of prose they allow encounter limited items of its substance.If writers can become consciously sensitive of these locations, they can better control the degrees of recognition and emphasis a reader will give to the various roles of information universe presented. Good writers are intuitively aware of these expectations that is why their prose has what we call shape. This underlying concept of reader expectation is possibly most immediately straightforward at the level of the largest units of discourse. (A unit of discourse is defined as anything with a beginning and an end a clause, a execration, a section, an article, etc.) A research articl e, for good compositors case, is generally divided into recognizable sections, roughlytimes labeled Introduction, Experimental Methods, Results and Discussion. When the sections are confusedwhen too much experimental detail is found in the Results section, or when word and results interminglereaders are practically equally confused. In smaller units of discourse the operational divisions are not so explicitly labeled, but readers drive definite expectations all the same, and they search for certain(prenominal) information in picky places.If these geomorphological expectations are continually violated, readers are forced to divert skill from understanding the content of a theodolite to tangleing its structure. As the complexity of the context profits moderately, the possibility of misinterpretation or noninterpretation increases dramatically. We present here some results of applying this methodology to research reports in the scientific literature. We pre escape taken several portrayals from research articles (either published or accepted for publication) and engender suggested counselings of rewriting them by applying principles derived from the study of reader expectations.We have not seek to transform the passages into plain English for the use of the general public we have neither decreased the bevel nor diluted the science. We have striven not for simplification but for clarification. Reader Expectations for the Structure of Prose Here is our commencement exercise illustration of scientific prose, in its certain form The smallest of the URFs (URFA6L), a 207-nucleotide (nt) reading frame overlapping out of phase the NH2-terminal portion of the adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) fractional monetary unit 6 gene has been set as the animal equivalent of the recently discovered yeast H+-ATPase subunit 8 gene.The helpal significance of the other URFs has been, on the contrary, elusive. Recently, however, immunoprecipitation experiments with antibodies to purified, rotenone-sensitive NADH-ubiquinone oxido-reductase hereafter referred to as respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase or complex I from bovine viewt, as well as enzyme fractional process studies, have indicated that sixsome human URFs (that is, URF1, URF2, URF3, URF4, URF4L, and URF5, hereafter referred to as ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L, and ND5) encode subunits of complex I. This is a large complex that also contains many subunits synthesized in the cytoplasm.* *The full paragraph includes one more objurgate back for such functional identification of the URF products has come from the finding that the purified rotenone-sensitive NADH dehydrogenase from Neurospora crassa contains several subunits synthesized within the mitochondria, and from the observation that the quid mutant of Neurospora crassa, whose mtDNA lacks two genes homologous to URF2 and URF3, has no functional complex I. We have omitted this sentence both because the passage is immense enough as is and because it raises no additional structural issues. Ask any ten people why this paragraph is hard to read, and nine are sure to mention the technical style several will also suggest that it enquires specialized background knowledge. Those problems turn out to be whole a small part of the difficulty. Here is the passage again, with the difficult words temporarily lifted The smallest of the URFs, and A, has been identify as a B subunit 8 gene. The functional significance of the other URFs has been, on the contrary, elusive. Recently, however, C experiments, as well as D studies, have indicated that six human URFs 1-6 encode subunits of Complex I.This is a large complex that also contains many subunits synthesized in the cytoplasm. It may now be easier to survive the journey through the prose, but the passage is still difficult. Any number of questions present themselves What has the first sentence of the passage to do with the last sentence? Does the third sentence contradict what we have been told in the second sentence? Is the functional significance of URFs still elusive?Will this passage lead us to further preaching just about URFs, or about Complex I, or both? Information is interpreted more easily and moreuniformly if it is placed where most readers expect to find it. Knowing a little about the subject matter does not clear up all the confusion.The intended audience of this passage would probably possess at least two items of essential technical information first, URF stands for Uninterrupted Reading Frame, which describes a section of DNA organized in such a way that it could encode a protein, although no such protein product has yet been set second, both APTase and NADH oxido-reductase are enzyme complexes central to energy metabolism.Although this information may provide some sand of pacifier, it does little to answer the interpretive questions that need answering. It seems the reader is hindered by more than just the scientific jargon. To get at the problem, we need to articulate something about how readers go about reading. We proceed to the first of several reader expectations. Subject-Verb Separation Look again at the first sentence of the passage cited above. It is relatively long, 42 words but that turns out not to be the main cause of its heavy complexity. Long sentences need not be difficult to read they are only difficult to write.We have seen sentences of over 100 words that lead easily and persuasively toward their clearly demarcated destination. Those well-wrought serpents all had something in parking area Their structure presented information to readers in the order the readers needed and expected it. scratch line with the exciting worldly and coating with a lack of luster often leaves us disappointed and destroys our virtuoso of importationum. The first sentence of our spokesperson passage does just the opposite it burdens and obstructs the reader, because of an all-too-common structural defe ct.Note that the grammatic subject (the smallest) is separated from its verb (has been identify) by 23 words, more than half the sentence. Readers expect a grammatical subject to be followed immediately by the verb. Anything of space that intervenes between subject and verb is read as an interruption, and therefore as something of lesser importance. The readers expectation stems from a pressing need for syntactic resolution, fulfilled only by the arrival of the verb. Without the verb, we do not know what the subject is doing, or what the sentence is all about.As a result, the reader instructiones attention on the arrival of the verb and resists recognizing anything in the interrupting substantial as being of primitive importance. The longer the interruption lasts, the more probable it becomes that the interruptive material actually contains important information but its structural location will continue to stigmatise it as merely interruptive. Unfortunately, the reader will not discover its true value until too late-until the sentence has ended without having produced anything of much value outside of that subject-verb interruption.In this first sentence of the paragraph, the relative importance of the intervene material is difficult to evaluate. The material might conceivably be quite significant, in which case the writer should have positioned it to reveal that importance. Here is one way to incorporate it into the sentence structure The smallest of the URFs is URFA6L, a 207-nucleotide (nt) reading frame overlapping out of phase the NH2-terminal portion of the adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) subunit 6 gene it has been identified as the animal equivalent of the recently discovered yeast H+-ATPase subunit 8 gene.On the other hand, the intervening material might be a mere aside that diverts attention from more important ideas in that case the writer should have deleted it, allowing the prose to drive more directly toward its significant point The small est of the URFs (URFA6L) has been identified as the animal equivalent of the recently discovered yeast H+-ATPase subunit 8 gene. Only the author could tell us which of these revisions more accurately reflects his intentions. These revisions lead us to a second set of reader expectations. Each unit of discourse, no matter what the size, is expected to serve a adept function, to make a single point.In the case of a sentence, the point is expected to appear in a specific place reserved for emphasis. The Stress Position It is a linguistic ordinary that readers naturally emphasize the material that arrives at the end of a sentence. We refer to that location as a sieve position. If a writer is consciously aware of this tendency, she can arrange for the emphatic information to appear at the min the reader is naturally exerting the greatest reading emphasis. As a result, the chances greatly increase that reader and writer will perceive the same material as being worthy of primary empha sis.The very structure of the sentence thus helps persuade the reader of the relative values of the sentences contents. The inclination to direct more energy to that which arrives last in a sentence seems to correspond to the way we work at tasks through time. We tend to take something like a mental breath as we begin to read each new sentence, thereby summoning the tension with which we pay attention to the blossom of the syntax. As we recognize that the sentence is drawing toward its conclusion, we begin to exhale that mental breath. The exhalation produces a sense of emphasis.Moreover, we delight in being rewarded at the end of a labor with something that makes the ongoing effort worthwhile. Beginning with the exciting material and ending with a lack of luster often leaves us disappointed and destroys our sense of momentum. We do not start with the strawberry shortcake and work our way up to the broccoli. When the writer puts the emphatic material of a sentence in any place othe r than the accent mark position, one of two things can happen both are bad. First, the reader might find the tensity position occupied by material that clearly is not worthy of emphasis.In this case, the reader must discern, without any additional structural clue, what else in the sentence may be the most apparent candidate for emphasis. There are no secondary structural indications to fall back upon. In sentences that are long, dense or sophisticated, chances soar that the reader will not interpret the prose precisely as the writer intended. The second possibility is even so worsened The reader may find the stress position occupied by something that does appear capable of receiving emphasis, even though the writer did not intend to give it any stress.In that case, the reader is highly likely to emphasize this imposter material, and the writer will have lost an important opportunity to influence the readers interpretive process. The stress position can change in size from senten ce to sentence. sometimes it consists of a single word sometimes it extends to several lines. The definitive factor is this The stress position coincides with the moment of syntactic closure. A reader has reached the beginning of the stress position when she knows there is nothing left in the clause or sentence but the material presently being read.Thus a solely list, numbered and indented, can occupy the stress position of a sentence if it has been clearly announced as being all that remains of that sentence. Each member of that list, in turn, may have its own internal stress position, since each member may produce its own syntactic closure. Within a sentence, secondary stress positions can be formed by the demeanor of a properly used colon or semicolon by grammatical convention, the material preceding these punctuation marks must be able to stand by itself as a complete sentence.Thus, sentences can be extended effortlessly to dozens of words, as long as there is a medial syntact ic closure for every piece of new, stress-worthy information along the way. One of our revisions of the initial sentence can serve as an example The smallest of the URFs is URFA6L, a 207-nucleotide (nt) reading frame overlapping out of phase the NH2-terminal portion of the adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) subunit 6 gene it has been identified as the animal equivalent of the recently discovered yeast H+-ATPase subunit 8 gene.By using a semicolon, we created a second stress position to accommodate a second piece of information that seemed to require emphasis. We now have three rhetorical principles based on reader expectations First, grammatical subjects should be followed as soon as possible by their verbs second, every unit of discourse, no matter the size, should serve a single function or make a single point and, third, information intended to be emphasized should appear at points of syntactic closure.Using these principles, we can begin to unravel the problems of our example pros e. Note the subject-verb separation in the 62-word third sentence of the original passage Recently, however, immunoprecipitation experiments with antibodies to purified, rotenone-sensitive NADH-ubiquinone oxido-reductase hereafter referred to as respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase or complex I from bovine heart, as well as enzyme fractionation studies, have indicated that six human URFs (that is, URF1, URF2, URF3, URF4, URF4L, and URF5,hereafter referred to as ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L and ND5) encode subunits of complex I.After encountering the subject (experiments), the reader must wade through 27 words (including three hyphenated compound words, a parenthetical interruption and an as well as phrase) before alighting on the highly uninformative and disappointingly anticlimactic verb (have indicated). Without a moment to recover, the reader is handed a that clause in which the new subject (six human URFs) is separated from its verb (encode) by yet another 20 words.If we applied the three principles we have developed to the rest of the sentences of the example, we could generate a great many revised versions of each. These revisions might differ significantly from one another in the way their structures indicate to the reader the various weights and balances to be minded(p) to the information. Had the author placed all stress-worthy material in stress positions, we as a reading community would have been far more likely to interpret these sentences uniformly.We couch this discussion in terms of likelihoodbecause we believe that meaning is not inherent in discourse by itself meaning requires the combined participation of text and reader. All sentences are infinitely interpretable, given an infinite number of interpreters.As communities of readers, however, we tend to work out tacit agreements as to what kinds of meaning are most likely to be extracted from certain articulations. We cannot succeed in fashioning even a single sentence mean one and only one thing we can only increase the betting odds that a large majority of readers will tend to interpret our discourse according to our intentions.Such mastery will follow from authors becoming more consciously aware of the various reader expectations presented here. W e cannot succeed in making even a single sentence mean one and only one thing we can only increase the odds that a large majority of readers will tend to interpret our discourse according to our intentions. Here is one set of revisionary decisions we made for the example The smallest of the URFs, URFA6L, has been identified as the animal equivalent of the recently discovered yeast H+-ATPase subunit 8 gene but the functional significance of other URFs has been more elusive.Recently, however, several human URFs have been shown to encode subunits of rotenone-sensitive NADH-ubiquinone oxido-reductase. This is a large complex that also contains many subunits synthesized in the cytoplasm it will be referred to hereafter as respirato ry chain NADH dehydrogenase or complex I. Six subunits of Complex I were shown by enzyme fractionation studies and immunoprecipitation experiments to be encoded by six human URFs (URF1, URF2, URF3, URF4, URF4L, and URF5) these URFs will be referred to later as ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L and ND5.Sheer length was neither the problem nor the solution. The revised version is not noticeably shorter than the original nevertheless, it is significantly easier to interpret. We have indeed deleted certain words, but not on the basis of wordiness or excess length. (See especially the last sentence of our revision. ) When is a sentence too long?The creators of readability formulas would have us believe there exists some fixed number of words (the favorite is 29) past which a sentence is too hard to read. We disagree. We have seen 10-word sentences that are virtually impenetrableand, as we mentioned above, 100-word sentences that flow effortlessly to their points of resolution.In place of the wor d-limit concept, we offer the following definition A sentence is too long when it has more viable candidates for stress positions than there are stress positions available. Without the stress positions locational clue that its material is intended to be emphasized, readers are left too much to their own devices in deciding just what else in a sentence might be considered important. In revising the example passage, we made certain decisions about what to omit and what to emphasize.We put subjects and verbs together to lessen the readers syntactic burdens we put the material we believed worthy of emphasis in stress positions and we discarded material for which we could not discern significant connections. In doing so, we have produced a clearer passagebut not one that necessarily reflects the authors intentions it reflects only our interpretation of the authors intentions. The more problematic the structure, the less likely it becomes that a grand majority of readers will perceive the discourse in exactly the way the author intended.T he information that begins a sentence establishesfor the reader a perspective for viewing the sentence as a unit. It is probable that many of our readersand perhaps even the authorswill disagree with some of our choices. If so, that disagreement underscores our pointThe original failed to communicate its ideas and their connections clearly. If we happened to have interpreted the passage as you did, indeed we can make a different point No one should have to work as hard as we did to unearth the content of a single passage of this length. The base Position To summarize the principles connected with the stress position, we have the proverbial wisdom, Save the best for last. To summarize the principles connected with the other end of the sentence, which we will call the event position, we have its proverbial contradiction, First things first. In the stress position the reader needs and expects closure and fulfillment in the topic position the reader needs and expects perspective and context. With so much of reading comprehension affected by what shows up in the topic position, it behooves a writer to control what appears at the beginning of sentences with great care.The information that begins a sentenceestablishes for the reader a perspective for viewing the sentence as a unit Readers expect a unit of discourse to be a story about whoever shows up first. Bees disperse pollen and Pollen is dispersed by bees are two different but equally respectable sentences about the same facts. The first tells us something about bees the second tells us something about pollen. The passivity of the second sentence does not by itself impair its quality in fact, Pollen is dispersed by bees is the superior sentence if it appears in a paragraph that intends to tell us a continuing story about pollen.Pollens story at that moment is a peaceful one. Readers also expect the material occupying the topic position to provide them wit h linkage (looking backward) and context (looking forward). The information in the topic position prepares the reader for upcoming material by connecting it backward to the previous discussion. Although linkage and context can derive from several sources, they stem primarily from material that the reader has already encountered within this busy piece of discourse.We refer to this familiar, previously introduced material as old information. Conversely, material making its first appearance in a discourse is new information. When new information is important enough to receive emphasis, it functions best in the stress position. When old information consistently arrives in the topic position, it helps readers to construct the logical flow of the argument It focuses attention on one particular strand of the discussion, both harkening backward and leaning forward.In contrast, if the topic position is constantly occupied by material that fails to establish linkage and context, readers wi ll have difficulty perceiving both the connection to the previous sentence and the projected role of the new sentence in the development of the paragraph as a whole. Here is a second example of scientific prose that we shall sweat to improve in subsequent discussion life-size earthquakes along a given gaolbreak segment do not occur at haphazard intervals because it takes time to accumulate the variableness energy for the rupture.The range at which architectonic dental dentures move and accumulate strain at their boundaries are approximately uniform. Therefore, in first approximation, one may expect that large ruptures of the same fault segment will occur at approximately constant time intervals. If subsequent main shocks have different amounts of slip across the fault, then the recurrence time may vary, and the basic idea of daily mainshocks must be modified. For great plate boundary ruptures the length and slip often vary by a factor of 2. Along the southerly segment of th e San Andreas fault the recurrence interval is 145 years with variations of several decades.The smaller the meter aberrancy of the average recurrence interval, the more specific could be the long term prediction of a afterlife mainshock. This is the kind of passage that in subtle ways can make readers feel badly about themselves. The individual sentences give the impression of being intelligently fashioned They are not especially long or convoluted their vocabulary is appropriately professional but not beyond the ken of educated general readers and they are free of grammatical and dictional errors.On first reading, however, many of us arrive at the paragraphs end without a clear sense of where we have been or where we are going. When that happens, we tend to berate ourselves for not having paid close enough attention. In reality, the fault lies not with us, but with the author. We can distill the problem by looking closely at the information in each sentences topic position Larg e earthquakes The rates Therefore one subsequent mainshocks great plate boundary ruptures the southern segment of the San Andreas fault the smaller the standard deviationMuch of this information is making its first appearance in this paragraphin precisely the spot where the reader looks for old, familiar information. As a result, the focus of the story constantly shifts. Given just the material in the topic positions, no two readers would be likely to construct exactly the same story for the paragraph as a whole. If we try to piece together the relationship of each sentence to its neighbors, we notice that certain bits of old information keep reappearing.We hear a good deal about the recurrence time between earthquakes The first sentence introduces the concept of nonrandom intervals between earthquakes the second sentence tells us that recurrence rates due to the movement of tectonic plates are more or less uniform the third sentence adds that the recurrence rates of major earthquak es should also be somewhat predictable the fourth sentence adds that recurrence rates vary with some conditions the fifth sentence adds information about one particular variation the sixth sentence adds a recurrence-rate example from California and the last sentence tells ussomething about how recurrence rates can be described statistically.This refrain of recurrence intervals constitutes the major string of old information in the paragraph. Unfortunately, it rarely appears at the beginning of sentences, where it would help us maintain our focus on its continuing story. In reading, as in most experiences, we appreciate the opportunity to become familiar with a new environment before having to function in it. Writing that continually begins sentences with new information and ends with old information forbids both the sense of comfort and orientation at the start and the sense of fulfilling arrival at the end.It misleads the reader as to whose story is being told it burdens the reader with new information that must be carried further into the sentence before it can be connected to the discussion and it creates ambiguity as to which material the writer intended the reader to emphasize. All of these distractions require that readers expend a disproportionate amount of energy to unravel the structure of the prose, leaving less energy available for perceiving content.We can begin to revise the example by ensuring the following for each sentence 1. The backward-linking old information appears in the topic position. 2. The person, thing or concept whose story it is appears in the topic position. 3. The new, emphasis-worthy information appears in the stress position. Once again, if our decisions concerning the relative values of specific information differ from yours, we can all blame the author, who failed to make his intentions apparent.Here first is a list of what we perceived to be the new, emphatic material in each sentence time to accumulate strain energy along a fault approximately uniform large ruptures of the same fault different amounts of slip vary by a factor of 2 variations of several decades predictions of future mainshock Now, based on these assumptions about what deserves stress, here is our proposed revision Large earthquakes along a given fault segment do not occur at random intervals because it takes time to accumulate the strain energy for the rupture.The rates at which tectonic plates move and accumulate strain at their boundaries are roughly uniform. Therefore, nearly constant time intervals (at first approximation) would be expected between large ruptures of the same fault segment. However? , the recurrence time may vary the basic idea of periodic mainshocks may need to be modified if subsequent mainshocks have different amounts of slip across the fault. Indeed? , the length and slip of great plate boundary ruptures often vary by a factor of 2. For example?, the recurrence intervals along the southern segment of the San And reas fault is 145 years with variations of several decades. The smaller the standard deviation of the average recurrence interval, the more specific could be the long term prediction of a future mainshock. Many problems that had existed in the original have now surfaced for the first time. Is the reason earthquakes do not occur at random intervals stated in the first sentence or in the second? Are the suggested choices of however, indeed, and for example the right ones to express the connections at those points?(All these connections were left unarticulated in the original paragraph. ) If for example is an inaccurate transitional phrase, then exactly how does the San Andreas fault example connect to ruptures that vary by a factor of 2? Is the author arguing that recurrence rates must vary because fault movements often vary? Or is the author preparing us for a discussion of how in spite of such variance we might still be able to predict earthquakes? This last question remains unanswe red because the last sentence.

Teachers Day Essay Example for Free

Teachers Day EssayRatna A timeless Indian society goes Mata Pita Guru Deva which translated stands for M another(prenominal) Father Teacher God a sacred list of the most idolize relationships in a strict order. The esteeming of this adage is the greatest right, and is the order in which one should supply reverence. The phrase is a basic tenet in existence from the time of the Vedas and beyond. Snehal First comes the mother (Mata) who gives give birth to the child, thereby bringing us as a child into this world. Next comes the father (Pita), because it is the mother who knows the truth about the father and she points us to the father. The mother and father then take us to the teacher (Guru), and it is the guru, done his or her teachings, points us to God (Devam). Here God represents the consciousness or self-awargonness or our real self. A Teacher thus stands at a higher pedestal than the overlord omnipresent, omnipotent, omniscient and omnifarious. RatnaMost of our soon est memories of school days will definitely feature an ever-smiling, ever-helpful teacher who assumed the role of a boot at school. While in many relations, we tend to pay back, with gratitude, the service or help rendered to us, a Teacher-Student relationship mostly ends up as a one-way lane where the teacher is always the giver and seldom the receiver. Snehal So, here we r directly to celebrate the magic, the teacher by expressing r deepest sense of gratitude and considerIn our little way to wish to thank u on the whole and salute ur immeasurable efforts and thorny work I, Snehal and my friend Ratna, on the behalf of r entire class and r seniors welcome u all here Ur presence and valueable time really means a lot to us Welcome and foretaste u have a memorable Teachers Day 1) Ratna (Ankit and Shankaran) In the words of William Butler Yeats, Education is non the filling of a pail but the lighting of a fire. Without any further delay, taking blessings from the almighty and r teachers here, I will like to welcome Shankaran and Ankit to begin with the program and fill d blood line with music and melodies2) Snehal (Vikram speech) Thank u Ankit and Shankaran for a great start Before we move any further, I would like to invite the President of the Management Association and r dear senior- Vikram Sir to come up and hunt the way forward by saying a a few(prenominal) words 3) Ratna (Ppt) Nikos Kazantzakis has rightly said- Ideal teachers are those who use themselves as link up over which they invite their students to cross, then having facilitated their crossing, joyfully collapse, encouraging them to create bridges of their own.N its owing to those great teachers u n I stand here today Here we present a small presentation as a token of r cargo hold towards u all teachers 4) Ratna (Harshit) Someone once said, Most of us end up with no more(prenominal) than five or six people who remember us. Teachers have thousands of people who remember them for the res t of their lives. It is so very true I now invite Harshit to come forward and convey all r special feelings to r dear teachers 5) Snehal (Video) Rightly said Harshit.. This reminds me of a little story I require back at school What Do Teachers Make?The dinner guests were sitting around the table discussing life. unrivalled man, a CEO, decided to explain the problem with education. He argued, Whats a kid going to learn from soulfulness who decided his best option in life was to become a teacher? He reminded the other dinner guests what they say about teachers Those who can, do. Those who cant, teach. To stress his point he said to another guest Youre a teacher, Susan. Be honest. What do you venture? Susan, who had a reputation for honesty and frankness replied, You postulate to know what I make? I make kids work harder than they ever thought they could.I make a C+ feel like the winner of the Congressional Medal of Honor. I make kids sit through and through 40 minutes of stud y hall in absolute silence. You want to know what I make? I make kids wonder. I make them question I make them criticize. I make them apologize and mean it. I make them write and read I make them show all their work in math and perfect their final drafts in English. I make them understand that if you have the brains, and follow your heart, and if person ever tries to judge you by what you make, must pay no attention because they upright didnt learn.Susan paused and then continued. You want to know what I make? I MAKE U I MAKE A discrepancy Here we now present a small video to reach out r wagon to one n all 6) Ratna (Leela Rani Mam speech) I often wonder about teachers who educated storied people such as Einstein, Abraham Lincoln, and the like. Were these teachers specially qualified to inspire their students to achieve fame and success? Or were these teachers just plain lucky to have exceptionally talented students? Do some teachers have the rare character of turning dust into gold?The answer may not be easy to find I would now request r respected Leela Rani Mam to please come forward and share few words of advice with us 7) Snehal (Shruti) As we move towards the end of todays function, and before we proceed to d cake- knifelike and snacks session, I would request Shruti to come forward are convey d vote of thanks on behalf of the MBA batch of 2012-14. 8) cake-cutting Snehal I would take the pleasure of inviting all the faculty members to come forward for the cake cutting 9) Snacks (Ratna).Someone once said, Teachers dont impact for a year, but for a lifetime. A teacher can make a lasting impression on your mind. This influence persists beyond school, college and university, and becomes the beacon of light, guiding us through the journey of life. Good teachers play the role of a parent, providing encouragement, inspiration, and invaluable guidance. We now bid a good-bye to this memorable evening and hope to create many such during r stay at BITS. We onc e again thank you all for being a part of this event and thereby appreciating r efforts Thank You

Business Environment Essay Example for Free

Business Environ handst EssayExecutive SummaryThis trace provides an over all in all analysis on the types of giving medications and their functions, per giveance of Superdry mode prescribe, commercialize economies, global guile and how UK tradees be effected by the emergent market equivalent BRIC countries. This report comprises 3 major tasks which includes expla democracy of the types of organizations and their nature. Organizations atomic number 18 of importly divide into 2 categories they are unrestricted organizations run under politics e.g. public limited companies (plc) and nonpublic organizations pretendd by the private individuals e. g. sole trader. People who are rice beered in the operations of the organizations are known as stakeholders e.g. shareholders, employees, guests, competitors etc. It a responsibility of the organization to fulfill their needs and amour ifthey requisite to run the caper in its most powerful manner. In addition, it i s grievous for openhanded companies like Superdry ltd to fight home mission vision signals and objective of the profession to know why they are existing in the market. A clear understanding of the social club and its market provides dampen knowledge which target be accustomd to wage the crinkle in full potential. The report withal elevatedlights on the polar type of sparing frame present in the modern miserliness.Economic governing body is concerned with how the deliverance is going to use the just resources to gain upper limit satisfaction. They are market, ascertain and mixed stinting outline. For the countries to gain speedy economic harvest-home the disposal implies economical tools like pecuniary and monetary policies to achieve macro-economic objective s like sustain sufficient economic egression, price stability, trade surplus, equal distribution of income etc. Further more(prenominal) than(prenominal), report excessively contains about the be nefits and drawbacks of the international trade by fetching Superdry as an example. International trade is a practiced way for transmission line to cave in risque earningss by selling their goods at dewy-eyedr market. But this depends on whether the tidy sum al depleted buy good as the culture and taste of large number whitethorn differ. Especially in emerging markets, as they allow unstable economic environment which green goddess hinder the flow of functions on firm. The reports also summarizes creator about the debt crises of EU and how it is effecting the UK production linees. As EU plays are uncollectible role in UK exports and the thriftiness. interpolationBusiness environment is the study of how the business is effected by theEconomical, Political, Social, Technology by the operation of the business. It is substantial for business to start a clear understanding of its internal and external environment to take effective end making and operation. Superdry is a clothing family run in the UK and international carriage market. The comp whatever is well known for its quality and price of the brand. They watch been continuously growing ever since they have entered the market. Their aim is to grow in UK and online market and always tried to outperform the challenger. T present are 2 types of organization in the market i.e. private and public organizations. These organization have unique goals for each. Superdry allow have shareholder who moldiness be satisfied at all cost if the go with want to run on earnings. The report has mentioned about the varied type of economic system with characteristics and policies which government gage use to proportion the economies. that, about the importance of trade internationally, especially in emerging market like BRIC countries. It advisable to stock interrogation on the market before a firm enter repayable to different market conditions.Task one1.OrganizationsOrganization is a group of batt alion collaborating together for achieving particular goal or task (Kokemuller, N. 2014). In a business, organizations are divided in 2 main groups they are public sector organization and private sector organization. Public sector organizations are owned and controlled by government. They are usually nonprofit making organization created to serve the public. While private sector organizations are profit maximizing firms affianced under private individuals.Types of organizationi.Sole traderA sole trader is a business owned and controlled under a single proprietorship. This is the most universal form of any start up business. Here the owners pull up stakes make love all the profits and loss gene yardd by the company. The business is relatively lightheaded to set up as few dandy is needed to ope compute the business. Decisions are taken such(prenominal) faster with no influence of outside persons but all by the owner of the business. The business undersurface keep a good custom er relationship as owners nates personally keep interaction with customers thus allowing the business adapt to market changes faster. However, sole proprietorship business rumpnot generate a high profit as a good deal as big companies does.The owners go out have unlimited liability, this means the owner is liable for all the debts of the business, even to the extent of selling his own personal positions as on that point is no separate judicial entity, the owner and business are considered to be one. Lack of creativity and innovation ordain exist as single owner is making the all the decisions and t here(predicate) is no guarantee that all decisions taken by him leave behind moment in profitable for the business. Less members in the business also subordinates the a put on of chapiter invested furthermore, this also results in more workload for the owner as he/she only have to deal with business activities. Life span of the business allow for end with the death of the own er. (The times 100. 1995-2014)ii.PartnershipA group of bulk interact together for achieve particular objective or a goal is known as fusion. In here all the profit and loss do by the business is shared among the partners according to the law of agreement made surrounded by them. The agreement should be any verbal or written. Some of the things which includes in agreement are the profit and loss sharing ratio, capital invested, roles and responsibilities of partners, partners private learnings. The business must have at least have 2 members and evoke add up immature members up to 20. Decisions are taken after the consulting with the partners therefore, this leave behind slow the decision making process due to conflicts surrounded by them. Resulting slow adaptation to market changes. But in partnership they can invest more capital to the business helping to achieve more exploitation in future. Partnership allow partners to share skills and workload between them thus making them complete work faster. Partners can bring in new ideas into business allowing it to be more innovative and creative. In partnership there will be at least one partner having unlimited liability and one who is having limited liability. (The times 100. 1995-2014)iii.Public limited company (plc)A plc is a large scale operating company release shares to the public and is controlled under the shareholders of the business. Before the business becomes a plc it must be registered under the Memorandum of necktie specifying the business is public. This type of business is genuinely expensive to set up and many formalities have to be filled before it can gain the license of plc. The shares issued by the company must be at least 50000 pound. Shareholders can enjoy limited liability as it have spate legal entity form its owners. besides, as plc is large scale operating company this gives more assurance for the banks and early(a) institutes, that they will pay the loan amount making it easier for the company to borrow loan in big mount and can use that for future expansion of the business.thither are almost drawback of plc, it is difficult to operate due to more number of shareholders. The company cannot respond to changes in the industry as any decision made by the business is after consulting with shareholders which can slow stamp out business operations. The biggest drawback is that the original owner of the business will lose absolute control over the activities business and the overall profit of the business must be shared among the shareholders which can result in low profit for the original owner. Death of a shareholder cannot will not affect the business operations. (Merchant, P. 2014)2.Responsibilities of stakeholders in SuperdryStakeholders are group of people having pursuit in the activities of the business. They can be either external stakeholders or internal stakeholders. External stakeholders are the people who are outside the business environment , e.g. government, social groups. While internal stakeholders are the people who are indoors the business environment. They can be directly affected by the activity of business, e.g. shareholders, employees. (The times 100. 1995-2014) Figure 1 Types of stakeholdersCustomersCustomers are the most important stakeholders in the business. Without them there is no meaning of doing business. When a customer buys a product service the most common aspect they look for is the quality of thegoods/service, valid price and customer service. For any business waiting to run in profit, it must satisfy the needs of their customer. (The times 100. 1995-2014) Superdry have given lot of efforts on making their customer satisfied. Better customer service was one main point triggering the success of the company. This includes, fast online delivering, guarantee the quality of products, if any faults buy the farm in the delivering process they will try to solve it as fast as they could. Customers was k ept as their first priority, as keen customers will build brand the true which in binge create a good part of business and thus adjoin profit. (Superdry gathering.plc. 2012)SuppliersSuppliers are the people who are delivering raw materials or other end product materials to the company. A company must have a good supply chain ensuring a glow inflow of stock in business. As any delay caused by the suppliers will affect the business production. (The times 100. 1995-2014) Superdry have always tried to keep a good relationship with its supplier and takes staidly its roles and responsibilities and aim to ensure thats their suppliers and manufacturers are following the local and international legislation and use the scoop out practice for ethical trading. The Superdry also uses hands-on-approach being actively engage in checking whether the raw products are delivered from amenable business partner. Its a good practice as this will ensure that the supplier wont deliver cheap or fa ulty goods knowingly or unknowingly. As a result this will help Superdry to hold good reputation and avoid unnecessary problems. (SuperdryGroup.plc. 2012)EmployeesEmployees are the most important assets of any business. A well skilled and motivated workforce will help the business to maintain a good performance and accession the profit. They can affect harvest-home of the business since their pay levels and their meditate security will depend on the profitability of the business. Superdry have kept a good employee loyalty by practicing ethical labour practices respecting the rights of their employees. These include independency creation of association, no forced employment, safe and heavy working environment, no discrimination between employees regarding their gender or religion, fair wages, no physical maltreatment, reasonable working hours, no child labours and given job security as with the agreement made between employer and employees. The company also provides training to its employees to improve their knowledge and skill which in turn can increase the productivity of the business. Healthy workforce will generate more profits and help to sustain its growth in future. (SuperdryGroup.plc. 2012)3.SuperdrySuperdry is a company operating in the fashion industry selling their goods internationally. Ever since the company was set up it have outperformed competitions and gained popularity and recognitions doneout UK and internationally. (SuperdryGroup.plc. 2012) The mission of the company was to grow in youth fashion industry of UK and human market by spining premium quality clothing and accessories for two men and women with an affordable price. The company have continued grow its market share throughout UK and internationally by opening new stores and through internet. Since the flotation in London stock supplant in 2010, the business is foc exploitation its strategy on 5 important areas.This includes roll-out of standalone stores in UK and atomic num ber 63, developing online offer (20% internet growth annually), expanding the international business, extending product range and developing an infrastructure that delivers profitable growth and operational efficiency. They are achieving this by building brand awareness by proving currency websites and franchise roll-outs. (SuperdryGroup.plc. 2012) The group has also had goals of providing better working environment to its employees and have given lot of care to improve their performance. Furthermore, by giving best customer service and offering quality product with reasonable price. (SuperdryGroup.plc. 2012) The group have gained 313.8 million profit in 2012 while 237.9 million in 2011. Thats a growth of 31.9% in the revenue of the company. (SuperdryGroup.plc. 2012)Task dickens1.Economic systemsAn economic system is production and allocation of good and service inside the economy by using it scarce resources to gain maximum satisfaction in the economy. They can achieve this by an swering 3 fundamental question arising inside the economy they are, what to capture? How to produce? For who to produce? There are essentially 3 main types of economic system fix in the economy. (Griffin, D. 2014). They areFigure 2 Types of economic systemCommand/planned economic systemCommand economic system is where the government nail down how to allocate resources inside the economy. The 3 fundamental questions in the economy are answered by the state itself. In the modern world, only very few countries like china, North Korea follow this economic system. (Griffin, D. 2014). This economic system is proven to be beneficial as it help to brace the development of the economy. All resources in the economy will be fully utilize, thus resulting full employment. The goal of this system is to provide the basic goods to the people and improve their overall standard of living and reducing the occurrence of disturbances in the economy. It balanced economy between rich and poor. Most o f the production firms are run under government thus allowing sale of good at freeze off price which can be affordable to everyone.The government will be more efficient at mobilizing economies resources in a large scale and can carry out big projects much easily to increase the growth rate of the economy. In addition, this also eliminates the existence of self-interest and social welfare generating population which can hinder the stability of the economy. However, this system uses strict rules and regulation to control the economy, resulting loss of independence of individuals. Private individuals are discourage to start new businesses thus reducing competition in the market. starting time competition will demoralize firms to become more innovative and creative in their production. People will not get many choices, whatever the government produce they must buy, resulting inefficient allocation of resources. Moreover as the firm is nonprofit making organization, they wont try to reduce their cost by applying latest production methods, again resulting productive inefficiency in the economy.Mixed economic systemIn here both the government and the market will decide how to allocate resources in the economy. The 3 fundamental questions are answered by both government and market itself. This mean the economic system will comprise self-possession of both private and public sector enterprises. frankincense overcoming the draw backs of planned and market economic system. There are many countries following this system e.g. Maldives, Sri Lanka etc. (Griffin, D. 2014). The mixed economy will allow the resources to be fully utilize at its optimum level. Even though private sector plays major role in the usage and production and provision of goods and service, the government will monitor their attempt checking whether the private companies are following ethical practices in production or not.Private firms are sanction to become more innovate and creative at their wor k providing low price goods due to belligerent market. Producers and consumers will have sovereignty of choosing between goods which are more appealing to them. However there may be chances of occurring unethical markets supplying harmful good to the economy. Government then(prenominal) can apply quell rules and regulations to control those unethical practices. Unequal distribution of income may occur as people who own the firms will become richesier than people who are working under them. In here, the government plays role only by proving goods which are under provided by the private firms, usually unprofitable businesses like providing street light facilities, or building roads etc.Market economic systemIn market economic system lay off market allocates resources in the economy. The three fundamental questions are answered by the market itself. In here the role of government is limited and the resources are utilized in its maximum potential. This is most common form of econom ic system followed by many countries in the world including India, UK and Kenya. (Griffin, D. 2014). In this economic system most of the firms are owned by private individuals. They are is existence of high competition among firm on achieving biggest market. People are having many choices for goods and service. All the firms are trying to reduce their cost as much as they can and provide the goods which are demanded by the consumers if they want to survive in the market, which in turn increases the innovation and creativity of firms. high competition will cut down inefficient firms in the economy. thus resultingbest utilization of resources.However, as firms want to reduce their cost of production they may adapt capital intensive method of production which can reduce the employment level. Relatedly affecting the standard living of people and can widen the gap between the poor and rich. Which is not a good sight for any developing economy as it may drag down its growth rate. Cut do wn of firms can result in waste of resources as they are now unemployed and unused. In here government plays role only when its necessary. Like with the provision of important sectors like military, banking sector etc., which must be run under the state. They also will create laws which must be followed by the firms if they want to operate in the market.2.Fiscal and monetary indemnityFiscal and monetary policies are tools used by government to stabilize the economic conditions of the soil. This includes achieving macro-economic objectives like full/higher employment, low lump, surplus balance of payments, sustainable economic growth and higher standard of living. (Kenny, T. 2014) Fiscal constitution is by changing government spending and tax incomees bring maximum welfare to the economy. Whereas monetary insurance policy influence the spending of saving of people by varying the interest rate concerning with the current situation of economy. (Kenny, T. 2014)Figure 3 Trade Cycle gross domestic product Boom recuperation RecessionSlump TimeAs shown in the figure 3, when the economy is in recession, they will let high rate of unemployment, low inflation or deflation, low GDP (Gross Domestic Product), unsustainable economic growth, low income and wealth of economy and lower standard of living. As economy is in recession the government can use expansionary fiscal policy. That is increasing government spending and reducing the tax rate of economy to increase the real income of the people (Kenny, T. 2014). Reduction in income tax willencourage people to spent more thus increasing the demand. The government can also give subsides to firms in order to overcome the high cost and use it for innovation of the product lead(p) to higher efficiency and employment in the economy. Higher demand motivates producers to produce and supply more goods to the economy, which in turn increasing the employment and overall GDP inside the economy.Moreover, government can use monetar y policy to reduce the interest rate supporting producers to take on more loans to improve the efficiency of production and so on. Lower interest rate will suppress people to save more and spent less. It also will cause to touch balance of payment as import will reduce while exports increase. Opposite conditions apply when the economy is in boom period. People are tend have more income thus increasing the essence demand. At this stage the inflation is tend to be very high, negative balance of payments will occur as imports are more than the exports. So to stop the economy form over heating government will apply the theory of contractionary fiscal policy.That is spending less and taking more currency form the economy (Kenny, T. 2014). Higher tax rate will cause people to spend less on the goods and service. Thus controlling high demand and price of the economy. The government can also apply the apprehension of monetary policy to increase the interest rate to further tighten the level of pay. Higher interest rate will encourage people to save more and spent less, in addition this will also attracts foreign investors to invest in the economy. Nonetheless, high interest rate can cause people to import more since the value of currency is increased. Before government practice these theories they must be aware of the multipliers in the economy. Incorrect usage of the policies sometimes results in collapsed economy.3.Effects of fiscal and monetary policies on SuperdryChanges in the fiscal and monetary policies can have a massive effect on the overall performance of the Superdry, as it is related with the spending power of both consumers and producers. First of all, for an instance if the government apply expansionary fiscal policy this will help business to gain more benefit. Here, the government will increase its spending and reduce the tax rate. Which in turn can increase the spending power of people thusleading to higher demand for the Superdry product. Lower corporation tax rate will also allow Superdry to enjoy higher net earnings and spend more on future development of the company. Nevertheless, contractionary fiscal policy will have a whole negative effect on the company. As contractionary fiscal policy will reduce the income of the economy by reducing government spending and increasing tax. Thus leading to lower demand for the company product. Additionally, profit of Superdry will be reduced due to new tax increments, effecting the future development and performance of the company.Secondly, as Superdry is online and internationally operating company, changes in the monetary policy can affect its international trade. Higher interest rate can cause the currency value to esteem causing the Superdry product to be more expensive, making it be less competitive in the world market. The demand for Superdry product will reduce if the price is high. The price of share likely to increase in the stock market due to higher interest rate. Likew ise, high interest rate can make it expensive for Superdry to borrow loan form banks in huge amounts, thus causing to slow down the future development of the company. Nonetheless, low interest rate depreciate currency value which can then make Superdry products to be more price advantages due to low price. The company will be able to take on loans as interest are low. Also lower interest rate will reduce the Superdry share price.Task four1.Effects of international trade on SuperdryInternational trade is the permute of capital, goods and service across borders of different nations. Super group business aims itself to establish its presence in wide range of geographical boundarys through combination of building of stores, concessions, franchises, licenses and the internet. Spain, Greece, Hong Kong, South Korea, Swaziland are some countries which Superdry operates internationally. There are many advantages and disadvantages of international trading for Superdry. (Chand, S. 2014), (Sup erdryGroup.plc. 2012) Superdry can gain many benefits by merchandising its products internationally. This includes expanding their market by sellingits products to a wider range of people in different nations. If the lifecycle of the Superdry products in the current market are in saturation stage, the company can market its product into a new market before the life of the product is decline. This will help the business to sustain its growth and profit for a longer period. Additionally, this allows the company to use the foreign resources and diversify its endangerments among the countries. For an instance, if one of Superdry branch makes loses this can be covered up by the profit made by other branch in another democracy.Thus gaining competitive advantage over its competitors. However there are some drawbacks which Superdry had to face in trading internationally. The most influential factor was the cultural and traditional change of people. Different countries adapt different lif e style due to culture, tradition, religion, climate etc. it was expensive and time consuming for Superdry to conduct research on each market. Furthermore, the company had to adjust with the law system which can be hard as laws will differ in each country. Some governments dont support the foreign firms and use higher tax rates and strict rules to protect domestic firms and dive away the foreign firms. The Group overseas performance has achieved a significance growth in the year 2011. After the acquisition of SuperGroup with Europe BVBA (Besloten Vennootschap met Beperkte AansprakelikheidP) the SuperGroup have gain 83% of international growth due to the assistance, knowledge and experience given by them. (SuperdryGroup.plc. 2012)2.UK business in emerging marketsEmerging markets are developing economies which are having some of the features of develop counties like fast economic growth in GDP, strong financial and physical infrastructure. According to World imprecate the BRIC count ries are known to be worlds fastest emerging markets. They are Brazil, Russia, India and China. UK is considered to as developed country. (Kuepper, J. 2014). According to corporate council magazine UK has ranked itself as the work 6th largest economy and trading nation and second in exporting service. For a UK business to enter these emerging markets are tend be far risky. As the economic condition of these countries are unstable. Changes in political and legal environment can disrupt the smooth functioning of thefirm. For an instance a UK firm entering to Indian market have to deal with different traditions and culture. So to understand the market firms have to conduct market research which is both expensive and time consuming. There will be existence of some laws which can prevent UK firms to operate as their government first priority would be to protect and support the domestic producers rather than foreign investors.By applying high entry barriers and tax will discourage firms t o operate in the market. High competition can also be a risky factor as Indian firm knows better about the changes in their market and how should they reach to it. Even though there are risk operating in emerging markets, there are many benefits which business can enjoy. UK is known to be more technically advanced. Therefore they can use advanced technology as their competitive advantage to produce high quality good at lower price. Which can then be used to drive off inefficient firms thus reducing competition. The firms also will be able to use the countrys resources and enjoy the low price rate to buy raw materials. Furthermore, these countries are having high rate of unemployment as the countries cant make as many jobs equivalent to number of unemployed. Thus creating large supply of cheap labour. So there are room for government to support UK firms to operate in market to create job opportunities by giving more subsidies, reducing the tax rate and other trade barriers.3.European Union effects on UK firmsEuropean economic and monetary union, commonly known as European Union (EU) is a group of European counties joining together to form a common market. There are currently 28 member countries in EU. Some the features of the EU are free transfer of goods, labour, capital and service among them, and following one currency, i.e., euro. The aims of the EU is to create efficiency, achieve higher economic growth, freedom, equity, application of rules and regulations made for protecting human right and dignity. (Amandeo, K. 2014) In the 2008 the EU have go about with a high debt crisis which had led to European Union economies to collapse. Due to the inefficient use of the fiscal and monetary policy the government have faced with a high debt which they are unable to pay. The year 2008 Greece have faced with a heavy debt. As they didnt had proper structure for government spending and taxation.They continuously went on spending on public and reduced it tax rate.Final ly resulting a budget deficit. Furthermore, the interest rate was very low encouraging people to spent more and save less. Thus increasing the inflation and causing a negative balance of payment. In order for the government to overcome the budget and trade deficit they went on taking loan form the ECB (European Central Bank) leading to credit crunch. Low economic performance and interest rate have made lenders to think that they will not get their money asking them to demand for higher interest rate.Further worsening the situation. In 2010 including Greece, Portugal, Ireland, Italy have gone through speculative attacks making the economy to become unstable, increasing unemployment, unstable price effecting the economic and social wealth and efficiency of the economy. This have massively effected the UK economic condition as EU is the main exporter for UK firms. unassured and low economic performance of EU have led to cut down on UK exports. Thus leading to lower production and high cost. They have reduced number of employment for overcoming the cost. Leading to lower income and wealth in economy. Spending causing the demand for UK firms to reduce. Some of the firms may go out of business as the profit made is not enough to cover up the cost of the business.Conclusion and recommendationAfter a close evaluation about the organization it can be said that private and public sector organizations exist in the market for varied purposes. Like how public organizations are created to offer goods and service which are under provided by the market mechanism. After analyzing the condition of Superdry ltd, I have found that Superdry have given a lot of effort to satisfy its stakeholders of the company. For example, creating a strong communication, often conducted meetings, informations are shared openly to all she shareholders, follow rules and regulation of the community and government and taking care of employer needs and emotions. Furthermore, the company has develope d its own strategies on how to achieve their mission, vision, objective and goals of the business. Without knowing these the company will not have a clear direction on how to operate. In each economy follow a unique system to use the resources in it optimum way to get fasteconomic growth and welfare.There are isnt any pure market or command economic system existing in the current market. It is best for the country to know the current condition of the market and accordingly react to it. International trade can be beneficial factor for a growing company like Superdry to expand their business and gain economies of scale. Nonetheless, company must face with the different trade barriers like competition, government law which can be a big downturn for business. Moreover counties like India and China who are still emerging the economic conditions are far too unstable. For a UK company to enter these emerging market they must clearly know the PEST (political, economical, social, technologic al) conditions clearly. Without a risk there cannot be any profit. Finally, the current condition of the EU are tend to be very sensitive. There is a possibility that the economy may collapse. However, there are chances that by redesigning the policy structures the country can cope up.ReferenceAMANDEO, K. (2014). What is European Union? Online. visible(prenominal) from http//useconomy.about.com/od/worldeconomy/p/european_union.htm. Accessed 25.03.2014 AMANDEO, K. (2014). What is Eurozone debt crisis? Online. Available from http//useconomy.about.com/od/Europe/p/Eurozone-Crisis.htm. Accessed 26.03.2014 CHAND, S. (2014). The meaning and definition of foreign trade or international trade exchange Online. Available from http//www.yourarticlelibrary.com/foreign-trade/the-meaning-and-definition-of-foreign-trade-or-international-trade-explained/5972/. Accessed 22.03.2014 GRIFFIN, D. (2014). Economic system types Online. Available form http//smallbusiness.chron.com/economic-system-types-112 9.html. Accessed 12.03.2014 KENNY, T. (2014) The difference between fiscal policy and monetary policy Online Available from http//bonds.about.com/od/Issues-in-the-News/a/The-Difference-Between-Fiscal-Policy-And-Monetary-Policy.htm. Accessed 15.03.2014 KOKEMULLER, N. (2014). What is the meaning of business organizations? Online. Available from http//smallbusiness.chron.com/meaning-business-organization-41925.html. Accessed 08.03.2014 KUEPPER, J. (2014). What are emerging markets? Online. Available from http//internationalinvest.about.com/od/gettingstarted/a/What-Are-Emerging-Markets.htm. Accessed 23.03.2014 MERCHANT, P. (2014). Features of public limited company Online. Available from http//smallbusiness.chron.com/features-public-limited-company-18143.html Accessed 10.03.2014 SUPERDRY GROUP. PLC. (2012). Annual report 2012 Online. Available from http//www.supergroup.co.uk/investors/reports-and-publications/annual-report-2012. Assessed 11.03.2014 THE propagation 100. (1995-2014). Eng aging with stakeholders Online. Available from http//businesscasestudies.co.uk/primark/engaging-with-stakeholders/what-is-a-stakeholder.htmlaxzz2xACZ7d4t. Accessed 09.03.2014 THE TIMES 100. (1995-2014). The types of business organizations Online. Available from http//businesscasestudies.co.uk/business-theory/strategy/types-of-business-organisations.htmlaxzz2whhOgm5l. Accessed 08.03.2014